They are not permitted by law. The Committee is aware of one type of gaming machine which accepts €500 notes. The Act of 1956 provides a maximum stake in gaming machines of 6d and a maximum prize of 10 shillings. The Act is not being enforced and that brings the law into disrepute. Ireland’s slot machines are creating a “license to print money” as the country awaits an update to its gambling laws. The comment was made by Barry Grant, CEO of Problem Gambling Ireland, a non-profit organization that provides help to those affected by gambling in the country.

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“Absolute basket case”

Ireland’s slot machines are creating a “license to print money” as the country awaits an update to its gambling laws.

The comment was made by Barry Grant, CEO of Problem Gambling Ireland, a non-profit organization that provides help to those affected by gambling in the country.

Grant also remarked that “the whole sector is an absolute basket case in terms of the total absence of regulations, the total absence of enforcement of the legislation as it stands and the zero protections for vulnerable people.”

According to Ireland’s The Journal, although measures have been taken to ease the issue, an investigation found that problems still abound.

There are few checks to prevent underage gambling in Ireland. Gamblers are being drawn to the possibility of winning more than what is permitted under existing laws. Casinos and gaming arcades continue to operate despite being banned from obtaining the necessary licenses to function.

Ireland has the third-highest gambling losses worldwide, with the country losing, on average, $470 per adult.

Each gaming machine must obtain a license to operate. According to revenue figures, there were 4,491 such machines in effect at the beginning of July, each costing €505 ($567).

Yet, figures from the Licensed Gaming Association of Ireland (LGAI), a trade which represents a small number of licensed operators, suggest there are around 40,000 gaming machines in Ireland. A significant number of those may be unlicensed or improperly licensed.

While many of these slot machines are found in amusement arcades, they can also be located in pubs, which are prohibited from obtaining licenses to operate them.

Update of existing laws?

Home to between 28,000 and 40,000 people suffering from a gambling disorder, Ireland is considering an update to its 1956 bill, the Gaming and Lotteries Act.

For many, though, it’s not necessarily a step in the right direction.

At present, stakes on slot machines are set to a limit of three cents ($0.033). However, under proposed changes, this number could rise to a maximum stake of €10 ($11). The payout would also increase from 50 cents to €750 ($842).

David Norris, an Independent member of the Irish Senate, suggested that the increases are “enormous and vast.” In the opinion of David Stanton, Minister of State in the Department of Justice who’s behind the bill, the 1956 law is “completely unrealistic” with the times.

Irish Fianna Fáil politician Jack Chambers claims a broken approach to enforcing laws has led to a “wild west sector”.

“There’s a consensus on a need to update our rules and introduce a regulator, but the existing laws should be applied. Because if they’re not, it gives free reign to everyone within the sector to stretch the breaking of the laws as far as they can.”

For now, as the government continues to mull the potential changes to its 1956 bill, many of Ireland’s gaming halls and casinos are ignoring regulations by failing to obtain an operating license. This is costing Ireland’s Exchequer up to €27.3m ($30.6m) each year in lost license fee and VAT income.

by Steve Bourie Learn more about the author read more »

In May, 2016, my wife and I traveled to Ireland to tour the country and visit a few of its casinos.

It was our first visit to Ireland and we wanted to see a few different cities in the southern and western parts of the country. We could have rented a car and driven the countryside, butI wasn’t comfortable with driving on the left-hand side of the road, especially in some of the smaller cities we wanted to see, so we opted for an eight-day bus tour.

There were only 15 people on our 54-seat bus so it was very comfortable and we had a very nice time. It was great not having to worry about driving and they certainly packed a lot of scenicevents into our package.

The tour started and ended in Dublin and knowing that we wanted to have some free time to visit a few casinos we arrived one day before the tour started and left two days after it ended.

About six weeks before our scheduled departure I did a Google search to find information on Dublin’s largest casino, which turned out to be the Fitzwilliam Casino & Card Club. I sentan email to them saying I was researching an article about Ireland’s casinos and a few days later I heard from David Shirley who handles the casino’s marketing.

David was very helpful in our correspondence and the most interesting thing he said was that Ireland’s casino are not regulated: “Ireland is the only country in the European Union without anymodern regulatory framework for casinos nor industry oversight. As such, casinos in Ireland exist in a “grey area” – there is no legal definition of what constitutes a casino and thereforethere is a wide range of offerings available to the public.” That was news to me as I had never heard of a country offering unregulated casinos.

I did a little more research and it seems that all Irish casinos are governed by the Gaming and Lotteries Act of 1956 which has never been updated. Basically, the act does not make anyprovisions for casinos and, therefore, they are completely unregulated. The only requirement is that a casino be “a bona fide members’ club providing casino services pursuant to aprovision enacted with the purpose of allowing card-playing in private dwelling houses.” Essentially, this means that as long as the casino is a private members club anyone can open a casinooffering card games. Also, there are many “arcades” in Ireland that can offer electronic gaming machines.

David further explained that his company was fully in favor of legalization and regulation. “In tandem with other members of the Gaming and Leisure Association of Ireland the Fitzwilliam advocates that a full casino regulatory environment be introduced in Ireland based on best practice from other jurisdictions.Such regulation would include all of the responsible gaming and player protection policies that are common in the USA, Canada and the UK.”

This seemed to be a very good idea, but unfortunately, legalizing and regulating casinos has not been a high priority for the Irish government. They have studied the issue and in 2007 releaseda 222-page report titled “RegulatingGaming in Ireland - Report of the Casino Committee”. Six years later “The Gambling Control Bill of 2013” was drafted and it incorporated some of the recommendations in the 2007 report. It was heralded as “a uniqueopportunity to update the law in this area and to provide for a comprehensive new licensing and regulatory framework for gambling.” However it never became law.

If you’re not familiar with Ireland it’s important to note that the island is really divided into two countries: the Republic of Ireland, which comprises about 85% of the land space, andthe remainder is Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom and mostly governed from London. There is some cooperation between the two governing bodies on some issues, but basicallythey are totally independent. Northern Ireland has no casinos because they are prohibited in that area of the country.

Our first night in Dublin I got my first inkling of how the casinos are not regulated when I saw a man out on the sidewalk of one of the city’s busiest streets displaying a sign for a casinothat offered blackjack, as well as lap dances. He was also handing out cards that could be redeemed for a free lap dance, when you first bought one for 10 Euros, or you could redeem it for afree 10 Euro bet at the casino! I have been going to casinos for more than 40 years and that was the first time I had ever seen anything like that. Obviously, this would never be allowedat a regulated U.S. casino. We never visited that casino, but it sure was an eye-opener.

Ireland's casinos are unregulated. This advertisementis for a casino that offers both blackjack and lap dances!

The next day our tour started and we headed south to Waterford, which is Ireland’s fifth most populous city and the home of Waterford Crystal. On the way to the hotel we saw a sign for acasino and we made a brief visit after dinner. It was basically a small amusement arcade with only gaming machines: a variety of slots and a few video poker machines. A hand-writtensign said it was for “members only” but the cashier said we didn’t need to show an ID and we were allowed to look around. I didn’t recognize the manufacturers of the slot machines, northe video poker machines. Surprisingly, one of the games offered on the video poker machines was 9/6 Jacks or Better. However, since it wasn’t a regulated casino I had my doubts as to whetheror not it was legitimately programmed to offer a game that had a 99.54% return. The “casino” was very dimly lit and there were only three people playing. We left after a few minutes.

A view of the beautiful Irishcountryside.

Over the next few days I assumed that we would be able to visit a few other local casinos, but we didn’t see any in the towns we visited. We spent two days in Killarney and two in Galwaybefore returning to Dublin. The Irish countryside was truly beautiful and our favorite stop was at the Cliffs of Moher which is one of Ireland’s most-visited tourist destinations.

Steve and Michelle Bourie made a visit to one ofIreland's most popular tourist attractions: The Cliffs of Moher

While in Killarney I made a stop at Ladbrokes which operates a chain of betting shops throughout Ireland and the U.K. Besides offering bets on sports, and horse or dog racing, I found out thatyou can also bet on roulette. To make the bet you are required to fill out a betting slip and hand it to a clerk along with your money. I was told that the actual spins of the single-zeroroulette wheel are done every three minutes at a remote facility and shown on a TV screen at each of their locations. This was obviously a good option for gamblers as Ladbrokes is a wellestablished and regulated gaming business. They also operate an online casino for residents of both the U.K. and Ireland.

Betting shops in Ireland allow you to bet on roulettegames that take place in a remote location and are broadcast live on closed-circuit televisions.

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Back in Dublin we visited some of the city’s attractions and I made a visit to Dr. Quirkey’s Good Time Emporium which is the city’s largest gaming arcade. It’s located on O’ Connell streetwhich is the main thoroughfare and tourist area of the city. Dr Quirkey’s promotes itself as a “family entertainment centre,” because it has a variety of arcade games for the kids, but it alsohad a “casino” offering more than 400 slots and other electronic gaming machines.

There was no membership required to enter their “casino” and I would assume that was because they didn’t offer any live card games; just electronic games. The minimum age to gamble therewas 21 (in some arcades it’s 18) and there were several rows of slots in a section amidst all of the kids arcade games. It seemed that it would be rather easy for an underage person to playthem, but I didn’t see that happening. None of the slots or video poker games I saw looked familiar to any I had ever seen in the U.S.

There were only about 30, or so, machines, but as I walked around I saw an entrance to a side room and when I entered it was packed exclusively with gaming machines. Most of the games wereslots, but there were also several electronic roulette games with single-zero- wheels. These tables had most of their seats occupied and they were definitely the most popular games in the room.There was also a virtual blackjack game manufactured by Shufflemaster that I had often seen in U.S. casinos. Other than that one game, I did not recognize the other game manufacturers.

After my visit to an arcade I was ready visit a “real” casino. I had made arrangements with David at the Fitzwilliam Casino to visit on a Sunday night and meet their general manager for a brieftour, but I had some extra time on Saturday so I decided to make an earlier visit on my own. David had sent me a link to take a virtual tour of their casino through Google so I was alreadysomewhat familiar with the layout. The virtual tour was really good and you can try it out yourself here.

Steve Bourie at the entrance to the Fitzwilliam Casino& Card Club in Dublin.

Compared to U.S. casinos this one was rather small, but it was definitely a real casino and it offered eight gaming tables: three roulette (all single-zero), three blackjack, one punto banco(mini-baccarat) and one Brit Brag (three card poker). Poker also seemed to be very popular as they had six tables downstairs and eight more up on the second floor.

Inside the entrance the staff at the registration desk asked for my passport as proof of identity and age (minimum gambling age is 18). They then entered my information in their computer, tooka photo of me and issued me a barcoded key tag that had my membership number on it. For any future visits I just had to let them scan the key tag which would bring up my photo andallow me entrance back in. There was no charge for this procedure and, as a new member, I was also given a chip for a free €10 bet.

I took a walk around the casino and I noticed that they also had four slot machines (which did not look familiar to me), plus four terminals to play electronic roulette.

There was a small dining area, but no bar. David had previously explained to me: “There are no casinos in Ireland that can legally sell alcohol to customers. Some casinos choose to providealcohol for free to customers but the Fitzwilliam is not one of these – we neither serve nor sell alcohol in our Club.”

There was a €3 minimum for blackjack bets (€250 maximum) and the rules were as follows: six decks, dealer hits soft 17, double down on any two cards; split any pair; re-split any pair(including aces) as many times as you want, split aces receive one card each; insurance and late surrender offered.

For perfect basic strategy players this works out to a casino advantage of about 0.41% However, the procedure for the dealer getting a hole card is different in Ireland and players should makea slight adjustment to basic strategy.

A view of the gaming floor at the Fitzwilliam Casino& Card Club. The five tables in the back are for poker.

As in most European blackjack games, the dealer initially receives one face up card. The players then play out their hands and after they are finished the dealer is given a second card. Thisprocedure is called 'no-peek,' or 'no hole card.' The problem arises when the dealer has a 10, or an ace, as a first card because if you double down and the dealer gets a blackjack you willlose, even if you get 21.

According to Michael 'Wizard of Odds' Shackleford, a foremost blackjack expert, the casino's mathematical advantage is not changed but 'the player should be more conservative aboutdoubling and splitting when the dealer has a potential blackjack. Basic strategy changes are to hit 11 against a 10, hit two 8’s against a 10 or ace, and hit two aces against an ace.' More ofMike's gambling advice can be seen in his videos on our YouTube channel.

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David had told me that roulette was the most popular game in the casino and the two open tables were fairly busy. The only difference between them was in the required minimum bets. At Table 1the minimum inside bet was €0.25 and for outside bets it was €5. At Table 2 it was €1 and €10, respectively.

All of these roulette games were much better than in U.S. casinos because they were single-zero wheels which made the house edge only 2.70% as compared to 5.26% for double-zero wheels found inthe U.S.

A view of the roulette and blackjack pits at theFitzwilliam Casino & Card Club. The table on the left is punto banco (mini-baccarat).

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I placed my free €10 betting chip on “black” at table 2, but my luck wasn’t good and I lost. It was still a great deal, however, because I was allowed to play the chip by itself. At most U.S.casinos they would have done it differently. They would have issued a “matchplay chip” which would require the user to match their bet with an equal amount of their own money.

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And, speaking of money, you are required to make all bets in Euros, so you will need to change currency if you don’t bring Euros with you. David explained that you just need to go to thecashier cage and they will charge a 2.5% fee for exchanging currencies. If you win and later want to change it back to your original currency, there is no fee for that.

That concluded my brief visit and I returned again the next night to meet the general manager, Lorraine Brien. I scanned my membership key tag at the registration desk and Lorraine met methere for our tour.

I thought I had pretty much seen everything that previous night, but I didn’t realize there was a second gaming floor and Lorraine brought me up to see the room. It turns out that it was onlyfor poker, but it seems that poker is very popular at the club. There are poker tournaments every night with entry fees from €25 and up. Cash games are also offered each night with a minimumbuy-in of €50. The second floor was quite busy as a tournament was already in progress during our visit.

Also tucked away in the upper floor was a private events room with several poker tables and a great view of the lower casino floor. Lorraine explained that this was often rented out for privateparties or corporate events and it seemed like a great place to host a party.

That pretty much completed my visit and I must say that I liked the place. I have been to a lot of casinos and this one was relatively small, but very nice. There was no smoking allowed, theentire facility was extremely clean and the games offered fairly good odds. I also checked them out on Tripadvisor.com where they had 24 reviews with an average four stars, out of a possiblefive, which is pretty good.

Overall, the casino situation in Ireland is a little strange since they are all unregulated. Until regulations are put in place I would be careful in choosing where to play. I would beespecially leery of playing video poker and maybe slot machines too. Playing table games in casinos is probably your best bet as you would know what your true odds are. However, I wouldprobably avoid visiting the smaller operations and stick to the largest casinos within the cities that you visit.

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The Fitzwilliam Casino & Card Club, Dublin’s largest casino, is open daily from 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. and is located at Clifton Hall on Lower Fitzwilliam Street. For more information, visittheir website.